How do I decide between Directus and Payload for a new project in 2026?

Use this rule of thumb: Choose Directus if: You already have an existing database or data model and want to add a CMS on top of it . You want strong AI features on the free/open-source tier , using your own API keys. You prefer a low-code / configuration-first approach where a lot can be done without deep custom coding. Choose Payload if: You’re starting from scratch and can design your data model and backend in code. You want maximum flexibility and deep customization via TypeScript/JavaScript. You have a dev team comfortable with a code-driven CMS and a slightly steeper learning curve. Both are production-ready, open-source, and comparable to SaaS tools like Storyblok or Sanity, but with full data ownership and self-hosting . If neither fits your constraints or team skills, Strapi is a reasonable fallback with simpler defaults and a large plugin ecosystem.

What’s the best way to set up roles and permissions in Directus, Payload, and Strapi?

For all three CMSs, start from real workflows , not from the UI: Map responsibilities first List who does what: writers, editors, reviewers, legal, admins, external collaborators . Define which actions each group needs: create, edit, approve, publish, delete, manage settings . Implement roles Payload & Directus : use their granular, field-level permissions : Create roles like editor , reviewer , publisher , admin , external-contributor . Lock down sensitive fields (e.g., SEO, legal notes, flags) to specific roles. Strapi : use built-in roles, but note that advanced role configuration may require a paid plan . For complex permission models, plan for that cost. Best practices Least privilege : give each role only what it needs to do its job. Separate publishing from editing : editors draft, reviewers approve, publishers go live. Use a dedicated role for external agencies/freelancers : restrict them to specific collections (e.g., only blog or landing_pages ). Test with real users Have each role log in and perform their daily tasks. Fix any blockers or over-permissive access before going to production.

How should I implement publication workflows and versioning in a headless CMS?

All three CMSs—Directus, Payload, and Strapi—support version history and rollback , which you should always enable for content that changes frequently. For publication workflows : Payload & Directus They allow custom workflows through code with virtually no limitations. Typical pattern: Use status fields like draft , in_review , legal_review , ready_to_publish , published . Trigger actions (notifications, checks, automations) when status changes. Enforce that only certain roles can move content to published . Strapi Handles basic publishing well, but workflow customization is more limited . Use simple states like draft and published and keep complex approval logic outside the CMS (e.g., in your CI/CD or custom services) if needed. Best practices : Always keep version history on and test rollback before launch. Mirror your real-world process: content review → legal review → final sign-off. Document the workflow for editors so they know what each status means. For high-change pages (home, pricing, campaigns), require review + approval before publish.

How do live preview and localization typically work with these CMSs in a real project?

Live preview Directus, Payload, and Strapi all support live preview for both draft and published content on desktop and mobile. Typical implementation: Your frontend (e.g., Next.js, Nuxt, Remix) exposes a preview route . The CMS sends a preview token or draft flag to that route. The frontend fetches draft content from the CMS and renders it in real time. This lets editors see changes on the actual page , instead of guessing from raw fields. Localization & translations All three CMSs support i18n and AI-assisted translations . Common pattern: Define locales (e.g., en , de , fr , es ). Model content so that each entry can have per-locale fields . Use built-in or plugin-based AI to generate initial translations, then have human editors review. Practical tips : Start with one primary locale , then add others once your model is stable. Use AI translations to speed up , but never fully replace human review for key pages. Ensure your preview setup supports switching locales so editors can see each language version live.

What are the practical differences in UI customization for editors between Payload, Directus, and Strapi?

For day-to-day editorial work, UI customization directly affects speed and error rates . Payload Most flexible UI customization of the three. You can: Organize fields with tabs, collapsible sections , and custom layouts. Build custom controls and pages using Payload components. Best when you want a tailor-made editorial experience for non-technical users. Directus Supports UI customization via field overrides and configuration . You can change field types, configure how data is displayed, and adjust the interface through code. Good balance between flexibility and configuration effort. Strapi Offers custom fields and some UI tweaks but is more limited overall. You can create unique inputs, but full UI tailoring is not as deep as Payload. Best practices : Group related fields (SEO, metadata, content blocks) into clear sections or tabs . Hide or collapse rarely used fields to reduce noise. For complex content models, invest in Payload-style customization so editors see only what they need.

How should I think about AI features and costs when choosing between these CMSs?

AI is now a core feature for content teams, but pricing and openness differ a lot: Strapi Offers Strapi AI : can create/edit content, model schemas, import Figma, generate image metadata, and handle translations. Caveat : AI is only on the Growth plan and is usage-based , so it’s not truly free/open-source in practice. Payload Has built-in AI for translations, image generation (DALL-E), writing assistance, and auto-embedding for search . Caveat : these are limited to enterprise clients , similar to Strapi. Directus Provides AI on the free/open-source side : AI chat sidebar for content, schema modeling, automations, and data analysis. MCP (Model Context Protocol) to connect your Directus project to AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude Desktop, or Cursor. Official AI extensions : AI Writer, Image Generation & Moderation, Focal Point Detection, and more. You can bring your own AI keys , so you control costs and avoid vendor lock-in. If AI is critical and you want to stay open-source-friendly , Directus currently has the strongest built-in AI story without forcing an enterprise plan . For fully custom AI logic, all three allow you to build or install custom AI plugins .

What are the main self-hosting and data ownership considerations for these CMSs?

Directus, Payload, and Strapi all support self-hosting and full data ownership , which is a major advantage over SaaS CMSs like Storyblok or Sanity. Why self-hosting matters : Scaling : you can scale infrastructure in a predictable and cheap way. Data operations : export, import, and backup whenever you want . No hidden costs : no surprise limits on API calls or operations. Compliance : full control over infrastructure location, security, and custom logic. Practical steps : Choose your stack: containerized (Docker/Kubernetes) or traditional VMs. Set up automated backups for both the database and file storage. Monitor performance and errors (e.g., via plugins like Sentry in Payload or other integrations). Keep CMS and dependencies regularly updated for security. If long-term cost control, compliance, and avoiding vendor lock-in are priorities, any of these three is a better fit than a pure SaaS CMS, with Directus and Payload generally offering the richest feature sets.

Headless CMS NextJS

Compare Open Source CMS in 2026

The two best open-source headless CMS options are Directus and Payload. Both offer excellent flexibility, full data ownership, and strong AI capabilities.

Maksim Hodasevich

Technical Lead

06 Feb 2026

TL;DR

The two best open-source headless CMS options are Directus and Payload. Both offer excellent flexibility, full data ownership, and strong AI capabilities. Before making any decision, it’s critically important to consider multiple options from different angles, and think how each option will help your business succeed. If neither Payload nor Directus work for you, Strapi is still a solid fallback option.

What is the best open source headless CMS?

The two best open source headless CMS options are Directus and Payload. You get the best experience, flexibility, ownership, and AI features. Depending on your use case one or another might fit better. This is why it’s so important to consider multiple options from different angles, and think how each option will help your business succeed.

If you need deep customization through code and don't mind a steeper learning curve, Payload is excellent. Strapi is a solid choice for simpler projects, but expect to pay for advanced features.

All three are production-ready, open-source, and far more cost-effective than SaaS alternatives like Storyblok or Sanity.

Payload, Directus, and Strapi are the three leading open-source headless CMSs in 2026. Each offers enterprise-level features comparable to SaaS options like Storyblok and Sanity.

In this article, we compare them on what matters most for modern CMS. Based on our experience and client’s feedback, it’s critical for CMS to be good at these 5 dimensions:

Content features: Live preview, Roles, Publication flow
Customizable and flexible
Self-hosted, data ownership
Plugins and integrations
AI

These tools give the content team a way to work fast and efficiently, while providing the technical team with a future-proof tech stack. Helping you have a high ROI and predictable costs.

Open source headless CMS features

Live preview

Live preview is one of the most important features in a modern headless CMS. It’s important to see content changes on the page, and not imagine it.

All three CMSs have a solid live preview. Each can show both draft and published versions on desktop and mobile.

Payload CMS Visual Editor

Payload CMS Visual Editor

Directus CMS Visual Editor

Directus CMS Visual Editor

Strapi CMS Visual Editor

Strapi CMS Visual Editor

Roles

CMS roles with different access

Roles limit access to critical resources and reduce the chance of mistakes. You assign roles based on what each person needs to do.

Examples:

An editor can create and edit drafts, but not publish
A reviewer can approve content, but not delete it
An admin has full access
An external collaborator can only see blog collections

Payload and Directus offer granular permissions, allowing you to control access down to field level. Strapi also supports roles, but advanced configuration requires a paid plan.

Publication flow

The publication process includes version history, approval workflows, and page updates.

Content publishing flow example

When content changes often, version history is essential. What is not less important is the ability to roll back to any version instantly. All three CMSs handle this well.

Approval workflows are where things differ. Every business has its own process - content review, legal review, final sign-off, etc. Having this built into your CMS saves time for larger teams and helps operate more efficiently.

Payload and Directus let you build custom workflows through code with no limitations. Strapi is more limited here.

Localization and translations

All 3 products, Payload, Directus, and Strapi support i18n and AI translations. Learn more about localization and AI translations here.

Customizing CMS UI

We have to remember, content editors are not technical people. CMS interface should be simple and clear. Making their work easier, not harder.

Payload lets you fully customize the editing UI. It offers ready-made elements like tabs and collapsible sections to organize your fields. On top of that, you can build your own controls and pages with a Payload component.

Payload fields

Directus also supports UI customization. You can override field types and configure them through code.

Directus fields

Strapi offers UI customization options with custom fields. It allows you to create unique data inputs, but lacks customization.

Strapi custom fields

If you want to build an exceptional experience tailored to your team, you should pick Payload.

Data ownership and self-hosting

When your data lives with a third party, you don't have full control. This puts you at risk. SaaS prices can rise unexpectedly, their services can be down, or data storage solution doesn't fit your needs

We believe every company should own its data. It gives you flexibility and directly impacts your business.

Key benefits of self-hosting:

Scaling - simple, predictable, and cheap
Data operations - export, import, and backup anytime
No hidden costs - no limits on API calls or operations
Compliance - full control over your infrastructure and custom logic

Plugins and integrations

Open-source CMSs have large plugin ecosystems - no surprise there.

Directus has over 500 extensions, including AI, analytics, themes, and more.

Directus extansions marketplace

Payload offers both official and community plugins like Stripe, e-commerce, Sentry, and others. You can also write your own plugin to integrate any functionality.

Payload official plugins

Strapi has 240+ plugins in its marketplace.

Strapi plugins marketplace

AI in headless CMS

AI in a CMS is no longer optional. LLMs have matured, and the tools built on them are now genuinely useful for content teams.

Here's how each CMS handles AI:

Strapi offers "Strapi AI" - chat agent that can create and edit content, model schemas, and import Figma files. Additional features include image metadata generation and AI translations.

The catch: AI is only available on the Growth plan and charged by usage, which makes it not really open source.

Payload supports AI out of the box and provides translations, image generation (with DALL-E), writing assistant, and auto-embedding for search.

The catch: these features are limited to enterprise clients — same situation as Strapi.

You may face high costs and vendor lock-in. Alternative: build your own AI plugin, or use an existing one like ours.

Directus has built-in AI features:

AI chat sidebar - create content, model schemas, triggering automations, and analyze data
MCP (Model Context Protocol) - connect Directus project to your AI client like ChatGPT, Claude Desktop or Cursor
Official extensions - AI Writer Operation, AI Image Generation and Moderation, AI Focal Point Detection and more

Listed tools position Directus ahead of the competition.

One thing that unites all three CMSs is that you can use custom plugins. You can use existing one, like the one we developed for our clients, щor create your own from scratch.

Verdict: Directus is ahead here. AI isn't locked behind an enterprise plan, and you control costs by using your own keys. But if you need custom AI logic, all three of them, Payload, Directus and Strapi let you build plugins for that.

Conclusion

There's no single "best" open-source headless CMS - it always depends on your project and business requirements.

Choose Directus if you want to add a CMS on top of existing data and get a balance of features, flexibility, and accessible AI tools. It's the most generous with its free tier and lets you bring your own API keys for AI.

Choose Payload if you develop from scratch. You will get great features and flexibility, extending logic with custom AI plugins. It's powerful but requires more developer involvement.

Choose Strapi if neither Payload nor Directus help you achieve your goal. It’s a solid fallback option with basic features and a large plugin ecosystem. Keep in mind that some of the features are only included for paid plans.

All three let you self-host, own your data, and avoid vendor lock-in. That alone makes them worth considering over any SaaS CMS.